AGV lithium battery how to select
When selecting lithium batteries for AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles), the following key factors need to be considered comprehensively to ensure that the lithium batteries meet the performance, life and safety requirements:
1. Battery type
AGV lithium batteries are mainly divided into:
Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries: high safety, long life, high temperature resistance, suitable for high load, long time running AGV.
Lithium ternary battery (NCM): high energy density, light weight, suitable for AGVs with high requirements for range and space.
Selection Suggestion:
If you need high safety and long life, choose lithium iron phosphate battery (LiFePO4).
If you need high energy density and light weight, choose Li-ion ternary battery (NCM).
2. Battery capacity
Battery capacity determines the endurance time of AGV, which should be selected according to the load, running time and working intensity.
Calculation formula:
battery capacity (Ah)= load power (W) X running time (h)\battery voltage (V)
It is recommended to reserve 20%-30% redundant capacity to avoid deep discharge affecting battery life.
3. Voltage
The voltage should be matched with the motor and control system of the AGV, and the common voltages are 24V, 48V, 72V, etc. When selecting the battery voltage, make sure that it matches with the motor and control system of the AGV.
When choosing, make sure the battery voltage is the same as the rated voltage of the AGV.
4. Charge and Discharge Rate (C-rate)
The charge/discharge rate affects the charging speed and discharging capacity.
Charging rate: fast-charging battery can shorten the charging time and improve the efficiency of AGV.
Discharge rate: High discharge rate is suitable for AGV with high power demand.
It is necessary to choose the appropriate charging and discharging rate according to the working intensity of AGV.
5. Cycle life
Cycle life refers to the number of times the battery can be charged and discharged, usually the cycle life of lithium battery is 2000-5000 times.
Choosing a long-life battery can reduce the replacement frequency and long-term use cost.
6.Temperature range
Operating temperature affects the performance and life of the battery, you need to choose the battery suitable for AGV working environment.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries: wide operating temperature range (-20℃ ~ 60℃), suitable for high temperature environment.
Lithium ternary batteries: narrower operating temperature range (0℃~45℃), suitable for room temperature environment.
Need to ensure that the battery operates stably within the operating temperature range of the AGV.
7. Safety
Safety is the core of lithium battery selection, and we need to pay attention to the following protection functions:
Over-charge, over-discharge, short circuit, over-current, over-temperature protection.
Whether the battery management system (BMS) is perfect to ensure the safe operation of the battery.
The safety of LiFePO4 battery is usually better than that of Li-ion ternary battery (NCM).
8. Weight and size
Weight: Li-ion batteries are lighter in weight, but suitable specifications need to be selected according to the load capacity of AGV.
Size: The size of the battery needs to match the design of the AGV to ensure easy installation and not affect other components.
9. Cost
Initial cost: Li-ion batteries cost more, but the long-term cost is lower.
Maintenance cost: Li-ion batteries require almost no maintenance and have a long life, which can reduce the frequency of replacement.
10. Brand and after-sales service
Choose a well-known brand to ensure battery quality and reliability, for instance, CATL/BYD/EVE.
Pay attention to after-sales service, including warranty period and technical support.
11. Battery Management System (BMS)
BMS is the core component of Li-ion battery, which is responsible for monitoring the battery status, equalizing the power and protecting the battery safety.
It is necessary to ensure that the BMS function is perfect, support real-time monitoring, fault alarm and other functions.
Summarize
AGV lithium battery selection needs to consider the following factors:
1. Battery type: lithium iron phosphate (high safety) or lithium ternary (high energy density). 2.
2. capacity and voltage: to meet the AGV range and power requirements. 3.
3. Charging and discharging rate: support fast charging and high power discharging.
4. Lifespan and safety: choose the battery with long lifespan and high safety.
5. Temperature range: Adapt to the working environment of AGV.
6. BMS: Ensure the safe operation of the battery.
Through reasonable selection, the performance and efficiency of AGV can be improved and the long-term use cost can be reduced.